Insurance requirement guides for State Laws.
A registered car needs insurance even if nobody drives it. In NJ, NY and NC the plates must go back before the policy ends; CA and OK offer non-use filings.
NC, SC, Texas and Louisiana won't issue a licence without proof of insurance or a no-vehicle statement. SC and Louisiana check renewals too.
Every state requires insurance to drive on a temporary tag, but only some check first. Virginia names temporary plates in its uninsured-driving offence.
Florida's legal minimum has no bodily injury liability, yet leases ask for $100K/$300K/$50K. A Florida statute protects the leasing company only at those limits.
Colorado and Kentucky require $500,000 for radon mitigators and $250,000 for testers; Illinois withholds system tags without insurance. Most licensing states require none.
The FAA requires no insurance for crop dusting; states do, from $25,000 in Kansas to $400,000 in Colorado. Florida and Oklahoma require drift cover, Colorado doesn't.
Most states set $1M for a public fireworks show, but Texas requires $500,000 outdoors and Georgia accepts a $10,000 bond. Ten state statutes compared.
Illinois and Kentucky require $2M per school bus; Montana's 1971 floor is $10,000 per person. Florida scales it at $5,000 a seat. 15 states verified at statute.
An eight-seat stretch SUV needs $500,000 in Colorado, $750,000 in California and $1.5M plus a $1.5M SUM layer in New York. Federal, state and city tiers compared.
Louisiana and Illinois make repo agencies carry $1M policies plus a $1M bond; Florida licenses them with no insurance at all. Eight states checked at statute.
Colorado, New Jersey and Wisconsin require $1M/$3M; Massachusetts $100K/$300K. Florida lets doctors opt out with a posted sign, and Kansas raised its floor in 2022.
The FAA requires no insurance from private owners. Minnesota does — $100,000 per passenger seat — and Indiana's accident limits have risen tenfold since the 2015 GAO survey.
Minnesota requires $300,000 and Pennsylvania $50,000 once a dog is declared dangerous. Ohio joined the mandate states in March 2026, and the common "14 states" list is wrong.
Eight states have raised their auto insurance minimums since 2023 after decades of stillness. A dated record of each change, what triggers it, and what each left alone.
Pennsylvania and Virginia require $1,000,000 in insurance for blasting permits; South Carolina requires $500,000 from each individual blaster.
New York requires MMA and boxing promoters to insure each fighter for $1,000,000 in brain injury care; Florida requires $20,000 in medical coverage.
Georgia requires fire extinguisher service companies to carry $1,000,000 in liability insurance; Texas and Utah set $100,000 per occurrence.
Arizona and Oklahoma require $1,000,000 in ambulance professional liability insurance; New Jersey requires $300,000, and Texas adds a letter of credit.
Florida requires alarm contractors to carry $500,000 in property damage coverage; Texas and Tennessee set it at $100,000 under different licensing laws.
Colorado requires outfitters to carry $100,000 per accident plus a $10,000 bond; Oregon requires $500,000, and Montana defers to federal land permits.
Four states legally require $1,000,000+ liability insurance for bounce house rentals; Florida and Colorado exempt inflatables from that same law.
Texas and California require no malpractice insurance at all for a med spa medical director; Florida sets $100,000, Pennsylvania forces $1,000,000.
Antique and classic cars still must carry standard state-minimum liability insurance — the difference is agreed-value coverage and usage limits, not an exemption from the law.
Most states impose no blanket insurance mandate for off-highway-only dirt bikes, but Idaho and New Jersey do, and any street-legal dual-sport bike is insured exactly like a motorcycle.
Indiana sets a $100,000/$300,000 minimum for licensed direct-entry midwives, and nurse-midwives are not exempt everywhere: Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and Florida require their own cover.
Minnesota requires elevator contractors to carry a $25,000 bond plus $100,000/$300,000 liability insurance; New Jersey and D.C. require only a bond, with no separate insurance mandate.
Pennsylvania exempts farm vehicles from its insurance law entirely; North Dakota requires coverage the moment an implement of husbandry hits a public road. The orange SMV emblem is not proof of either.
States regulate prepaid funeral money through a trust, insurance, or a bond, not the funeral itself. North Carolina requires a $50,000 preneed bond; embalming malpractice coverage is market-driven, not mandated.
No state ties liability insurance to an esthetician's license, but nearly every booth-rental lease requires $1M/$2M in coverage, and Maryland attaches an insurance condition at the salon level.
48 states shield stables from ordinary-negligence claims under an Equine Activity Liability Act, but none of them require insurance, and California and Maryland offer no such statute at all.
Nevada requires $200,000 in liability insurance to serve legal papers; California requires a $2,000 bond; Texas requires neither — just certification. See what your state demands.
Connecticut requires an $18,000 bond for fire sprinkler contractors; Idaho requires just $2,000; Texas requires $1M in GL coverage but no bond at all.
California requires $100K/$300K in malpractice coverage; Pennsylvania requires $1M with automatic license suspension on a lapse. Most states require neither.
Cannabis dispensaries face no federal insurance mandate. Washington requires $1 million in general liability to license a store; California and Illinois use a bond instead, and Colorado storefronts need neither.
Bail bond agents are licensed insurance producers in most states — but five states have eliminated commercial bail entirely, license and all.
New Jersey requires a $1.5 million combined single limit for New Jersey-based intrastate trucks of 26,001 lbs and over, and for autocabs — double the federal $750,000 floor. A $300,000 tier covers medium trucks.
Taxi insurance minimums are set locally and run $100,000 to $500,000+ — a separate, stricter framework than both personal auto and rideshare coverage.
No federal law requires property manager insurance, but 8 states — including Colorado and Idaho at $100,000/$300,000 — mandate E&O coverage as a real estate license condition. See which states require it and how E&O differs from a fidelity bond.
California requires a $1 million general liability policy to license a security guard agency; Florida requires only a $10,000 bond for unarmed agencies. See how licensing insurance and bonding minimums compare across 5 major states.
No state requires self-storage tenants to buy insurance — but states regulate how facilities sell it: Washington licenses it as a specialty line, and Minnesota requires the facility to file notice, train staff, and disclose that your own policy may already cover stored goods.
About half the states require a surety bond for a private investigator license, and a smaller group layers on liability insurance — Illinois requires $1 million. See which states require what, and why a bond and a policy protect different parties.
No state requires title insurance, but lenders make it mandatory and Iowa bans private title insurers outright in favor of a state-run program. See lender's vs. owner's policy rules, and which states fix the insurance rate by regulation.
No state law forces a nonprofit board to buy D&O insurance, but volunteer-immunity statutes don't cover gross negligence or legal defense costs. See who actually requires the coverage and what it protects that state law doesn't.
The federal health insurance penalty is $0, but California, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and D.C. still fine residents for going uninsured. See each state's 2026 penalty amount, exemptions, and how the mandates actually work.
EPA Section 608 certification is federally required for refrigerant-appliance repair, while state licensing varies sharply — Texas mandates a contractor license with proof of liability insurance; California does not license the trade at all.
Every state sets a minimum liability requirement, but 'full coverage' is a lender term with no legal definition. See what each actually covers, who is required to carry full coverage, and the real financial gap between them.
No state requires general businesses to carry cyber liability insurance, but all 50 states mandate data breach notification. See New York's DFS cybersecurity rule, who actually needs coverage, and what happens after an uninsured breach.
No state requires GAP insurance, but New York and Virginia regulate how GAP waivers are sold. Learn who actually needs coverage, what happens without it, and how dealership GAP compares to standalone policies.
No state requires renters insurance, and Oklahoma does not ban landlords from requiring it, despite the widely repeated claim. See what Oregon's ORS 90.222 and Virginia's § 55.1-1206 actually allow, and where the Oklahoma myth comes from.
Flood insurance becomes mandatory when a building in a FEMA Special Flood Hazard Area secures a loan from a federally regulated lender — for at least the loan balance or the NFIP maximum. See NFIP limits, private flood rules, and when lenders must force-place coverage.
Deck collapse claims often surface years after construction, making products/completed operations coverage more important than the general liability limit itself. See workers' comp thresholds and permit-tied insurance rules.
Travel insurers stop covering a hurricane the moment it's named. Learn the named-storm cutoff, the 14-21 day Cancel For Any Reason window, and how NAIC and Florida regulate travel policies during peak season.
New Mexico has no state boat insurance mandate, but marinas at Elephant Butte Lake and Navajo Lake commonly require liability cover in the slip agreement. Nearly all of the state's boating water is a federal reservoir, not a natural lake.
Idaho has no state boat insurance mandate, but marinas on Lake Pend Oreille, Dworshak and Lucky Peak commonly require liability cover in the slip agreement. BUI is set at 0.08% BAC under Idaho Code 67-7034.
Delaware has no state boat insurance mandate, and neither does neighbouring New Jersey. The slip agreement is what binds you: marinas, including state-run ones, set their own liability requirement.
The SCRA does not exempt service members from state minimum auto insurance — the registration state's limits still apply during a PCS move, and deployment does not automatically suspend the requirement.
Liability-only meets state minimums but pays nothing toward your own vehicle — full coverage adds collision and comprehensive. No state legally requires full coverage, but auto lenders and leasing companies mandate it on financed and leased vehicles.
Teen drivers in every U.S. state are subject to the same minimum liability requirements as adult drivers — no reduced minimum exists. A DUI conviction triggers a 3-year SR-22 obligation, and named driver exclusions remove all coverage if a teen drives.
Class 1-3 e-bikes (up to 28 mph, 750W) are not required to be insured in any state that has adopted the three-class framework — but e-bikes exceeding those thresholds are classified as mopeds and require liability insurance.
Laundromats need bailee's customer goods coverage for clothing damaged in machines — standard GL excludes care-custody-control claims. Equipment breakdown coverage is equally critical, as machine motor failure is not covered by commercial property policies.
Standard GL excludes liquor claims for any bar, and some states — Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota and Utah among them — make liquor liability insurance a licence condition. See how dram shop law differs by state and where assault-and-battery gaps come from.
Driving schools need commercial auto insurance with state-mandated minimums for student driver vehicles — California requires $750,000 combined single limit; most states set $100,000–$300,000 per person. General liability and professional liability are also required.
Car wash businesses need garage keeper’s liability to cover customer vehicles on premises — standard GL excludes care-custody-control exposure. Minimum GL is $500,000–$1,000,000, with workers’ comp required for all employees.
Locksmiths need $300,000–$1,000,000 general liability plus a surety bond in licensed states — and standard GL has coverage gaps for key-duplication and wrongful-entry claims that require endorsements.
Electrical contracting companies need $1M general liability and workers' comp for state licensing — separate from the individual electrician's license. California C-10 requires a $25,000 bond; Texas TDLR requires $500,000 GL plus a $10,000 bond.
Speech-language pathologists in private practice commonly carry $1M/$3M professional liability and $1M/$2M general liability. Medicare enrollment doesn't require malpractice cover — employers, commercial payers and leases do.
Kansas has no boat insurance mandate; marinas set their own slip limits. BUI under K.S.A. 32-1131 is .08 BAC (.02 under 21), and boater education applies to anyone born on or after 1 January 1989 until age 21.
Oklahoma has no state boat insurance mandate, but marinas on its 24 Corps of Engineers reservoirs — including Lake Eufaula and Lake Texoma — commonly require liability cover, at a limit each concession marina sets.
Wyoming has no state boat insurance mandate, but NPS marina facilities at Jackson Lake and marinas at Glendo and Boysen reservoirs commonly require liability cover. Wyoming's high-altitude lakes stay below 60°F well into summer — cold shock risk is elevated throughout the season.
Nebraska has no state boat insurance mandate, but marinas at Lewis and Clark Lake and lenders on Lake McConaughy commonly require liability cover. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 37-1254.05 sets the 0.08 BAC threshold for BWI statewide.
Arkansas requires $50,000 of liability per occurrence on every motorboat over 50 hp and every personal watercraft (Ark. Code § 27-101-207). Marinas on Lake Ouachita and Greers Ferry add their own terms.
Vermont has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina slip agreements on Lake Champlain and Vermont's inland lakes commonly require liability cover. Boats transiting north into Quebec must comply with Canadian customs reporting — and standard US policies do not automatically cover Canadian waters.
South Dakota has no state boat insurance mandate, but marinas on all four Missouri River reservoirs commonly require liability cover. Lake Oahe's 231-mile fetch can generate 5–7 foot waves in sustained northwest winds.
Montana has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina slip agreements at Flathead Lake and Fort Peck Reservoir commonly require liability cover. Flathead Lake's southern half lies within the Flathead Indian Reservation — tribal permits required for fishing and anchoring.
Iowa has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina slip agreements at the Iowa Great Lakes, USACE reservoir facilities, and Mississippi River marinas commonly require liability cover. West Okoboji's summer traffic density and river navigation rules define the coverage landscape.
Mississippi has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina slip agreements at Ross Barnett Reservoir, Gulf Coast facilities, and Mississippi River marinas commonly require liability cover. Named-storm deductibles and river barge traffic define the coverage landscape.
New Hampshire requires neither auto insurance nor boat insurance — the only state in the US with no compulsory mandate for either. Marina slip agreements on Lake Winnipesaukee and throughout the lake region commonly require liability cover.
North Dakota has no state boat insurance mandate, but marinas on Lake Sakakawea and managed facilities on Devils Lake commonly require liability cover. Zebra mussel decontamination is mandatory when leaving Sakakawea.
Hawaii has no state boat insurance mandate, but a DOBOR mooring permit requires at least $500,000 boat liability naming the State, plus salvage, dock damage, pollution and wreck-removal cover. Inter-island channels like the Kaiwi and Alenuihaha present ocean hazards unlike any mainland US state.
West Virginia has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina agreements at Summersville Lake and Ohio River facilities commonly require liability cover, and commercial barge traffic on the Ohio creates significant collision exposure.
Utah requires owners of motorboats over 50 hp and of every personal watercraft to carry 25/50/15 or $65,000 combined (Utah Code § 73-18c-301). Lake Powell and Flaming Gorge marinas add their own terms.
Rhode Island has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina slip agreements throughout Narragansett Bay, Newport Harbor and Block Island commonly require liability cover, at a limit each marina sets.
Connecticut has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina slip agreements throughout Long Island Sound and the Connecticut River commonly require liability cover.
Massachusetts has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina agreements in Boston Harbor, Cape Cod Bay, and Nantucket Sound commonly require liability cover.
Oregon has no state boat insurance mandate, but Columbia River and Willamette River marina agreements commonly require liability cover, and the Columbia Bar is among the most dangerous crossings in North America.
New Jersey has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina slip agreements on Barnegat Bay, Sandy Hook Bay, and the Delaware River commonly require liability cover.
Nevada has no state boat insurance mandate, but concessionaire-run marinas at Lake Mead and Lake Mojave commonly require liability cover.
Day spas need $1M GL and professional liability for licensed service providers. Wet floors, wax burns, and chemical reactions require overlapping coverage.
State psychology boards rarely mandate PL insurance, but clinical practice and PSYPACT telehealth require $1M/$3M for licensed psychologists.
Maine has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina agreements on Casco Bay and Penobscot Bay commonly require liability cover for slip holders, at a limit each marina sets.
State social work boards rarely mandate professional liability, but duty-to-warn exposure and private practice require $1M/$3M coverage for LCSWs.
State pharmacy boards rarely mandate professional liability, but hospital credentialing and independent practice arrangements require $1M/$3M coverage.
Alaska has no state boat insurance mandate; harbors at Homer, Seward and Valdez set their own moorage terms, which may require liability cover. Cold water and remote Gulf operations make adequate towing coverage essential.
Most state OT boards do not mandate professional liability insurance, but hospital credentialing, home health contracts, and independent contractor agreements routinely require $1M/$3M. Standard GL policies exclude professional services — OTs need a separate claims-made policy with continuous retroactive date coverage.
Colorado has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina slip agreements at Lake Granby, Dillon Reservoir, and Pueblo Reservoir commonly require liability cover. High altitude and cold water create risk factors not present in lower-elevation boating states.
Alabama has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina agreements on Lake Guntersville, Lake Martin, Mobile Bay, and Gulf Shores commonly require liability cover. Gulf and ICW operators face open-water conditions that warrant higher limits and offshore towing coverage.
Kentucky has no state boat insurance mandate, but marina slip agreements on Kentucky Lake, Lake Barkley, and Lake Cumberland commonly require liability cover. Kentucky's massive houseboat fleet on Lake Cumberland needs specialized coverage beyond standard recreational boat policies.
Most state engineering boards do not mandate professional liability insurance for PE licensure — but client contracts, government procurement, and employers impose $1M/$2M as the standard minimum. Standard general liability explicitly excludes professional services, leaving PEs who carry only GL uninsured for design-error claims.
South Carolina has no state boat insurance mandate, but Lake Murray marinas and Charleston Harbor facilities commonly require liability cover through standard slip agreements. ICW operators sharing waterways with commercial barge traffic face elevated liability exposure that the absence of a state law does not eliminate.
Indiana has no state boat insurance mandate, but Lake Michigan marinas in Michigan City and Portage commonly require liability cover, at a limit each marina sets. Lake Monroe and Geist Reservoir marina agreements impose the same requirement through standard slip language.
Oregon is the only US state that legally requires attorneys to carry professional liability insurance. Every other state allows uninsured practice — but law firms, courts, and clients impose their own $1M/$3M requirements, and claims-made tail coverage gaps at firm departure are one of the most expensive surprises in the profession.
Tennessee has no boat insurance mandate and does not title boats; marinas on TVA and Corps lakes set their own slip limits. A first BUI carries at least 48 hours in jail, and Kentucky Lake runs 184 miles.
Virginia has no boat insurance mandate; marinas set their own slip limits. Boater education applies to every operator of a 10 hp+ motorboat or PWC, and a BUI brings a court-ordered ban on operating a boat.
Louisiana has no state boat insurance mandate, but Gulf Coast and Lake Pontchartrain marinas commonly require liability cover as a slip condition. Hurricane deductibles — often percentage-based, not flat — are a Louisiana-specific risk most boaters underestimate.
Wisconsin has no boat insurance mandate; marinas set their own slip limits. The DNR registers every motorized boat and sailboats over 12 feet, boater education applies if born on or after 1 January 1989, and a first BUI is a $150–$300 forfeiture.
Missouri has no state boat insurance mandate, but Lake of the Ozarks marinas — serving one of the most heavily trafficked recreational lakes in the US — commonly require liability cover. Table Rock Lake marinas have similar requirements.
Maryland has no state boat insurance mandate, but Chesapeake Bay marinas in Annapolis and along the Bay commonly require liability cover. The Bay's commercial shipping traffic, weather volatility, and dense summer recreational traffic create liability exposure unlike inland lakes.
Arizona has no state boat insurance mandate, but Lake Havasu marinas commonly require liability cover and National Park Service concessionaires at Lake Powell require documented coverage from slip holders and houseboat renters.
Pennsylvania has no state boat insurance mandate, but Lake Erie marinas commonly require liability cover and Pittsburgh tri-rivers boat clubs require proof of coverage. Financed vessels require hull coverage by lender contract.
Illinois has no state boat insurance mandate, but Chicago Park District lakefront harbors require mooring permittees to carry at least $300,000 liability per occurrence. With 600,000+ registered watercraft and Lake Michigan open-water exposure, coverage choices matter.
Minnesota has no state boat insurance mandate, but the DNR registers over 850,000 watercraft and most marina slip contracts commonly require liability cover. Lake Superior access requires specific policy confirmation.
Washington has no state boat insurance mandate, but Puget Sound marinas commonly require liability cover in the slip agreement. Ferry traffic, tidal currents at Tacoma Narrows, and commercial shipping lanes create open-water exposure unlike most inland lake states.
North Carolina has no state boat insurance mandate, but coastal marinas commonly require liability cover. Hurricane deductibles, Outer Banks inlet hazards, and the Intracoastal Waterway make NC boating insurance decisions more complex than most states.
Tile contractors need $1M/$2M general liability and statutory workers' compensation under NCCI Code 5348 to access job sites. Completed operations water infiltration and OSHA's Silica Standard create the distinct insurance profile of the tile trade.
Framing contractors need $1M GL, statutory workers' comp under NCCI Code 5645, and commercial auto to access most GC job sites. Framing carries one of the highest WC rates in construction — $10–$22 per $100 payroll — due to fall risk and nail gun injuries.
Georgia has no state boat insurance mandate, but Lake Lanier marinas — on one of the busiest recreational lakes in the US — commonly require liability cover. Coastal boaters near Savannah face additional commercial vessel and hurricane exposure.
Ohio has no state law requiring boat insurance, but most marina slip agreements on Lake Erie and inland reservoirs require liability cover, at a limit each marina sets. With 700,000+ registered vessels and Lake Erie's open-water hazards, understanding what coverage you actually need matters.
Michigan has no state law requiring boat insurance, but marina contracts on the Great Lakes and inland lakes commonly require liability cover, at a limit each marina sets. Learn what Michigan boaters actually need.
One change on 1 July 2025 took Massachusetts riders from the lowest property-damage floor in New England to the highest — $5,000 to $30,000 — while PIP still does not apply to them.
Flooring contractors need general liability, workers compensation, and a license bond in many states. Moisture damage and subfloor claims are the top GL exposure — commercial property managers require $1M coverage before dispatching work.
New York has no state law requiring boat insurance, but marina contracts require liability cover and NYC Parks sets insurance terms for commercial vessel permits. Learn what NY boaters actually need.
Interior designers need both professional liability (E&O) and general liability — E&O covers specification errors and procurement mistakes, while GL covers physical accidents during client visits and on-site supervision.
Drywall contractors need $1M GL to access most commercial job sites, workers' comp is required in 49 states once any employee is hired, and standard GL policies sometimes exclude completed operations defects — the most common claim in this trade.
California has no statewide boat insurance mandate, but most marina slip agreements require liability cover, at a limit each marina sets. Here's what CA boat owners need to know about the Boater Card, BUI and lenders.
Texas law does not require boat insurance, but most marina slip agreements commonly require liability cover and virtually all marine lenders require hull coverage. Here's what Texas boat owners actually need.
Fence contractors must carry workers' comp in 49 states once any employee is hired, and standard GL policies often exclude underground utility strike claims — the most common costly event in this trade. Here's what fence installers need.
Most states require licensed home health agencies to carry $1M professional liability and abuse & molestation coverage as a condition of licensure. Independent caregivers and registry workers often have no employer coverage at all.
Every state requires a separate license before any agent can sell insurance — and the requirements vary from 0 pre-licensing hours (Arizona) to 200 hours (Florida). Here's what licenses, E&O coverage, bonds, and CE you actually need.
North Carolina overtook Alaska and Maine on 1 July 2025 and is now the only state requiring $50,000 in property damage. See the full ranking and what drives it.
A certificate of insurance (COI) proves coverage exists but does not create it — and "additional insured" on a certificate means nothing without an actual policy endorsement. Here's what landlords, GCs, and municipalities require and how to comply.
Nine states require drivers to use their own PIP coverage after an accident regardless of fault. The other 38 states hold the at-fault driver's liability policy responsible. Here's how each system works, which states use each, and what it means for your premiums.
Michigan leads with $800–$2,400/year for minimum coverage, driven by Michigan's high liability floor and Detroit-area underwriting. Louisiana ranks third despite low minimums — its litigation rate, not its requirements, pushes premiums up.
Florida has no state law requiring boat insurance, but marinas commonly require liability cover and lenders require hull coverage. With 900,000+ registered vessels and high accident rates, coverage is essential.
Washington DC requires 25/50/10 liability coverage plus mandatory uninsured motorist protection. DC has a 19% uninsured driver rate and among the highest average premiums in the country at $1,800–$3,000/year.
Florida requires $10,000 PIP and $10,000 PDL for LSV-classified golf carts on public roads. Standard golf carts under 20 mph have no state insurance mandate — but HOA rules and accident liability make coverage essential.
40+ states have TNC laws setting rideshare insurance minimums. New York City requires $1.5M liability — the highest in the US. Delivery drivers are largely not covered by these laws. Period 1 (app on, no passenger) remains the biggest coverage gap.
Texas, Colorado, and Kansas have no statewide GC license. California requires a Class B exam, a $25,000 bond, and makes unlicensed contracting a misdemeanor. Here's how every state's system compares — and what insurance comes with each.
Workers' comp is required from 1 to 5 employees depending on the state — 3 in Georgia and Michigan, 4 in Florida, 5 in Alabama, Mississippi, Missouri and Tennessee — with lower construction thresholds in several. Texas is the only state where private employers can opt out.
20 states plus D.C. mandate uninsured motorist coverage — you can't legally drive without it. Another 27 require it to be included or offered but let you reject it in writing. Mississippi has a 29% uninsured driver rate and no UM mandate.
12 states require no-fault PIP coverage — meaning your insurer pays your medical bills first regardless of who caused the accident. Michigan, Florida, and New York are the most complex. Here's how every state compares.
Most states require liability insurance for street-legal mopeds and scooters — but the engine size threshold varies. Under 50cc mopeds are exempt in some states; over 150cc is treated like a motorcycle everywhere.
Virginia, Florida, and Massachusetts impose the toughest consequences for uninsured driving — from $5,000 fines to mandatory imprisonment. This ranking compares penalties across all 50 states on fines, suspensions, impoundment, and SR-22 duration.
California, Illinois, and New York offer the strongest insurance protections for rideshare and delivery drivers. This ranking compares TNC law strength, Period 1 minimums, delivery inclusion, and endorsement availability across all states.
Florida, Pennsylvania, and Iowa now require the least from drivers — New Jersey left the group on 1 January 2026, except on the one policy tier excluded from its increase.
Illinois, New Jersey, New York, Vermont, the Dakotas and Pennsylvania require it; Minnesota and Maine do not. Plus Canada, where Quebec requires $1,000,000.
Wyoming requires 25/50/20 minimum motorcycle liability with no helmet law for adults. Riding in bison country near Yellowstone and Grand Teton makes comprehensive coverage essential — not optional.
South Dakota requires 25/50/25 minimum motorcycle liability with no helmet law for adults. Home to Sturgis Rally (500,000+ riders) and bison-crossing roads — coverage choices have real consequences here.
New Mexico requires 25/50/10 minimum motorcycle liability and UM coverage unless rejected in writing; helmets are required only under 18. With a ~21-24% uninsured driver rate and open-range livestock hazards, coverage gaps are costly.
Arkansas requires 25/50/25 minimum motorcycle liability. Helmets are required for riders under 21, and eye protection for everyone. With a ~16-19% uninsured driver rate and the famous Pig Trail through the Ozarks, adequate coverage matters.
Rhode Island requires 25/50/25 minimum liability and mandatory uninsured motorist coverage. Helmets are required for operators under 21, new riders in their first year, and passengers. With a 15-17% uninsured driver rate, UM protection matters here.
Vermont requires 25/50/10 minimum motorcycle liability with no helmet law for adults. The fall foliage season brings peak traffic on technical mountain roads — collision coverage is worth carrying.
Kansas requires 25/50/10 minimum motorcycle liability — the $10,000 property damage limit is especially low. Motorcycles are excluded from Kansas's no-fault PIP system and helmets are only required under 18.
Nebraska requires 25/50/25 minimum motorcycle liability and helmets for all riders with no age exemptions. Hail storms and deer hazards in the Sandhills make comprehensive coverage a practical necessity.
North Dakota requires 25/50/25 minimum motorcycle liability and has no helmet law for riders 18+. Motorcycles are excluded from the state's no-fault PIP system — wildlife coverage is essential.
Delaware requires 25/50/10 liability and $15,000/$30,000 PIP on motorcycles; owners may exclude only off-highway and no-contact injuries. UM/UIM is included unless rejected in writing, and helmets are required up to age 19.
Mississippi requires 25/50/25 minimum motorcycle liability and enforces a universal helmet law for all riders. With a ~29% uninsured driver rate, UM coverage is especially important.
Montana requires 25/50/10 motorcycle liability — the $10,000 property damage minimum is one of the lowest in the US. Montana has no helmet law for any rider, vast distances from hospitals, and significant elk/deer hazards.
Idaho requires 25/50/15 minimum motorcycle liability, includes UM/UIM unless you reject it in writing, and requires helmets only for riders under 18. Home to the Sawtooth Scenic Byway and Hells Canyon — Idaho's remote canyon routes make collision and comprehensive coverage worth carrying.
Maine requires 50/100/25 motorcycle liability — one of the highest minimums in the US. No adult helmet law, but moose crossings, coastal fog, and frost-heaved roads make comprehensive coverage a practical necessity.
West Virginia requires 25/50/25 motorcycle liability coverage, a universal helmet law for all riders, and includes uninsured motorist coverage by default. Home of the Hatfield-McCoy Trails and New River Gorge riding country.
Utah's motorcycle minimum rose to 30/65/25 in 2025 while the $65,000 aggregate stood still. Riders are excluded from no-fault PIP, and Utah legalised lane filtering first.
New Hampshire is the only state without mandatory auto insurance — but motorcycles must carry 25/50/25 liability coverage. No helmet law for adults, but insurance is required for all riders on public roads.
Alaska requires 50/100/25 motorcycle liability coverage — among the highest minimums in the US. No universal helmet law, but remote roads, wildlife hazards, and limited emergency response make comprehensive coverage critical.
Missouri requires 25/50/10 minimum motorcycle liability plus mandatory uninsured motorist coverage included by default. The state's partial helmet law requires helmets only for riders under 26 or in their first endorsement year — not all riders.
Oklahoma requires 25/50/25 minimum motorcycle liability in a pure at-fault state. Helmets are required only for riders under 18. Comprehensive coverage matters in Tornado Alley, where hail and storm damage are routine events.
When Hawaii doubled its car minimum to 40/80/20 in 2026, motorcycles stayed at 20/40/10 — a separate statute the Act never touched. Riders are excluded from PIP too.
Kentucky requires 25/50/10 minimum motorcycle liability, but the state's choice no-fault system doesn't apply to motorcyclists — riders operate under tort rules with no automatic PIP coverage for their own injuries. Helmets are required under 21 and in the first year of licensure.
Alabama requires 25/50/25 motorcycle liability with a universal helmet law. Alabama's contributory negligence rule means even 1% fault bars your recovery from the other driver — making UM/UIM and MedPay more critical here than in most states.
Connecticut requires 25/50/25 motorcycle liability plus uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage. It has had no PIP for any vehicle since repealing no-fault in 1994, and helmets are required only under 18.
Louisiana requires 15/30/25 motorcycle liability — some of the lowest bodily injury minimums in the US. With an 11–14% uninsured driver rate and hurricane exposure, UM coverage and comprehensive are more critical here than in most states.
Iowa requires 20/40/15 motorcycle liability — among the lower minimums in the Midwest. Helmets are required only for riders under 18. UM/UIM is offered but not mandated, and Iowa ranks top 5 nationally for deer-vehicle collisions.
Oregon requires 25/50/20 motorcycle liability, but unlike auto policies, motorcycles are excluded from Oregon's mandatory PIP requirement — riders have no automatic medical coverage for their own injuries. Universal helmet law applies.
South Carolina requires 25/50/25 motorcycle liability plus mandatory uninsured motorist coverage at matching limits. Helmets are required for riders under 21 and those with less than 2 years of licensure — not universally for all riders.
Vermont requires 25/50/10 liability but mandates uninsured AND underinsured motorist coverage at 50/100 — higher than the base liability minimum. One of few US states where required UM/UIM exceeds liability minimums.
Rhode Island requires 25/50/25 liability plus mandatory uninsured motorist coverage at 25/50. It's an at-fault state with no mandatory PIP, and the state's ~15% uninsured driver rate makes UM coverage more than a formality.
North Carolina riders moved to 50/100/50 on 1 July 2025 alongside drivers, and because UM must match liability, their uninsured-motorist protection doubled automatically.
New Hampshire is the only US state with no mandatory auto insurance. The Financial Responsibility Law means you're personally liable for all damages after an at-fault accident if you can't pay — license suspended, registration revoked.
Washington requires 25/50/10 motorcycle liability, but the rule that puts uninsured motorist cover on car policies does not reach motorcycles — riders have to ask for it. Helmets are required for every rider and passenger.
Virginia requires 50/100/25 motorcycle liability since January 2025, and eliminated its $500 uninsured vehicle fee in July 2024 — making insurance genuinely mandatory for every VA rider.
Maryland requires 30/60/15 liability on all motorcycles, enforces a universal helmet law for all riders and passengers regardless of age, and explicitly excludes motorcycles from its mandatory PIP system. With a 14-17% uninsured driver rate, UM coverage is critical.
Nevada requires 25/50/20 liability on all motorcycles and enforces one of the most aggressive real-time insurance verification systems in the US. Helmets are only required for riders under 21 — one of the more permissive thresholds nationally.
Maine requires 50/100/25 liability plus mandatory uninsured motorist coverage you cannot waive — one of the strictest requirements in the US. Maine is an at-fault state with no PIP requirement. Moose collisions are extremely dangerous statewide.
Alaska requires 50/100/25 liability — among the highest minimums in the US — due to remote geography and costly medical evacuations. Driving without insurance is a Class A misdemeanor. Moose collisions are a major hazard statewide.
Motorcycles were swept into New Jersey's 35/70/25 liability increase because the statute covers every motor vehicle — yet riders are still shut out of the no-fault PIP system that cars get.
Indiana raised its motorcycle insurance minimums in 2022 from 25/50/10 to 25/50/25. With roughly 16% of Indiana drivers uninsured, UM coverage is critical. Helmets are not required for adults. Learn current requirements, penalties, and SR-22 rules.
Wyoming requires 25/50/20 liability for all drivers. The state has some of the highest wildlife-collision rates in the US and is the windiest state in the country. Learn state minimums, penalties, and why comprehensive coverage is practically necessary in WY.
South Dakota requires 25/50/25 liability for all drivers and ranks among the highest states for deer-vehicle collisions. Driving uninsured is a Class 2 misdemeanor. Learn state minimums, SR-22 rules, and why comprehensive coverage is essential in SD.
Minnesota requires 30/60/10 liability on all motorcycles, but riders are explicitly excluded from Minnesota's mandatory no-fault PIP system — meaning your own medical bills are not automatically covered. Learn what this means and why UM coverage is more important for MN riders than for car drivers.
Tennessee raised motorcycle property-damage liability to $25,000 in 2023 under the same law that covers cars, and enforces a universal helmet law for riders of every age.
Montana requires 25/50/20 liability for all drivers and has one of the highest uninsured motorist rates in the country at 13-16%. Learn state minimums, SR-22 rules, and why comprehensive coverage is essential for Montana's wildlife and extreme weather.
Idaho requires 25/50/15 liability for all drivers. Driving uninsured is a $75 infraction the first time and a misdemeanor for a second within five years. Learn state minimums, SR-22 rules, and how UM/UIM protects you on Idaho's wildlife-heavy remote roads.
Wisconsin requires 25/50/10 liability plus mandatory uninsured motorist coverage on all motorcycle policies — you cannot waive it. Learn state minimums, Wisconsin's unique UM mandate, deer collision risks, and off-season plate surrender rules.
Colorado requires 25/50/15 liability on all registered motorcycles. Riding uninsured is a Class 1 misdemeanor. Learn state minimums, helmet laws, SR-22 rules, and why MedPay matters when PIP doesn't apply to motorcycles.
Delaware requires 25/50/10 liability plus mandatory PIP of $15,000/$30,000 — making it one of the few states where personal injury protection is compulsory for car owners. Learn minimums, penalties, and why the $10,000 property damage limit is dangerously low.
West Virginia requires 25/50/25 liability for all drivers. Driving uninsured is a misdemeanor with fines up to $5,000. Learn state minimums, UM/UIM rules, SR-22 requirements, and why comprehensive coverage matters in WV.
Nebraska requires 25/50/25 liability for all drivers. Driving without insurance is a Class III misdemeanor — a criminal offense. Learn state minimums, electronic verification, rural driving risks, and SR-22 requirements.
Arizona requires 25/50/15 liability on all motorcycles — limits raised in 2020 from the old 15/30/10. Learn state minimums, monsoon riding risks, MVD enforcement, and why year-round riding makes comprehensive coverage essential.
New York requires 25/50/10 liability plus mandatory SUM (uninsured motorist) coverage on all motorcycle policies. Motorcycles are excluded from NY's no-fault PIP system — learn what that means for riders and why NYC coverage costs so much more.
Pennsylvania requires 15/30/5 on motorcycles and mopeds alike. Riders keep full tort rights even on a limited-tort car policy, and a lapse suspends the registration for 3 months.
Illinois requires 25/50/20 liability on all motorcycles plus mandatory uninsured motorist coverage — one of few states that makes UM compulsory for riders. Learn state minimums, Chicago theft risks, and penalties for riding uninsured.
Mississippi requires 25/50/25 liability for all drivers. With roughly 1 in 4 drivers uninsured — one of the highest rates in the US — learn what coverage actually protects you and the penalties for driving without insurance.
Georgia requires 25/50/25 liability on all motorcycles — the same minimums as for cars. Learn state requirements, the GEICS electronic verification system, uninsured motorist rules, and penalties for riding without coverage.
Michigan motorcycle liability must meet the same MCL 500.3009(1) limits as cars ($250,000/$500,000 bodily injury and $10,000 property damage), not the old 20/40/10. Motorcycles are still excluded from no-fault PIP. See what riders actually need.
All 50 states and D.C. auto insurance minimums in one place. Compare liability limits, no-fault PIP requirements, mandatory UM coverage, and identify states with the highest and lowest minimums.
Kansas requires 25/50/25 liability plus mandatory PIP and uninsured motorist coverage. As a no-fault state, your PIP pays first regardless of fault. Learn Kansas's $2,000 tort threshold and full requirements.
Texas requires 30/60/25 liability on all motorcycles — the same as for cars. Learn state minimums, the Driver Responsibility Program surcharges for uninsured riders, and SR-22 rules.
Arkansas requires 25/50/25 liability coverage for all drivers. Learn state minimums, penalties for uninsured driving, SR-22 rules, and why tornado and wildlife risks make comprehensive coverage essential.
New Mexico requires 25/50/10 liability, and uninsured motorist coverage is included unless you reject it in writing. With 21-24% of drivers uninsured, learn what coverage protects you in one of the nation's highest uninsured-driver states.
California requires 30/60/15 motorcycle liability insurance as of January 2025, up from the old 15/30/5. Learn the new minimums, Proposition 213 penalties, and SR-22 rules for riders.
Oklahoma requires 25/50/25 liability coverage for all drivers. Learn state minimums, penalties for driving uninsured, SR-22 requirements, and why Tornado Alley makes comprehensive coverage essential.
Utah moved to 30/65/25 on 1 January 2025, but left the unusual $65,000 per-accident figure exactly where it was — only the per-person and property-damage limits rose.
Florida does not legally require motorcycle insurance, but riders face full financial liability for at-fault accidents. Learn what coverage Florida motorcyclists should carry and when it becomes required.
Alabama requires 25/50/25 liability coverage for all drivers. Learn the minimum requirements, penalties for driving uninsured, and whether state minimums are enough.
Connecticut requires 25/50/25 liability coverage for all drivers. Learn the minimum requirements, uninsured motorist rules, and penalties for driving without insurance.
North Dakota requires 25/50/25 liability coverage. Learn the minimum requirements, UM/UIM rules, penalties for driving uninsured, and whether state minimums are adequate.
Hawaii doubled every liability minimum at once on 1 January 2026, from 20/40/10 to 40/80/20 — the first change in about 25 years. PIP did not move, and nor did motorcycles.
Iowa requires 20/40/15 liability coverage for all drivers. Learn the minimum requirements, penalties for driving uninsured, and whether Iowa's minimums provide adequate protection.
Nevada requires 25/50/20 minimum liability coverage. Learn state requirements, DMV verification, penalties for driving uninsured, and recommended coverage levels.
Louisiana requires 15/30/25 minimum liability coverage. Learn state requirements, the No-Pay No-Play law, penalties for driving uninsured, and why minimums may not be enough.
Arkansas ($50,000) and Utah (25/50/15) require insurance on every jet ski, whatever the horsepower. Elsewhere lenders, marinas and rental businesses set the rules. PWC education rules by state.
Oregon requires 25/50/20 minimum liability plus mandatory PIP and uninsured motorist coverage. Learn state requirements, penalties, and why minimums may not be enough.
Golf cart insurance requirements vary by state and where you drive. Learn which states require coverage for street-legal carts, minimum liability limits, and recommended coverage.
South Carolina requires 25/50/25 liability plus uninsured motorist coverage at 25/50/25 on every policy; underinsured cover is optional. Learn the penalties, the lapse fees, and why minimums may not be enough.
Only a few states require ATV insurance. Learn state-by-state requirements, when liability is mandatory, registration rules, and recommended coverage levels.
Missouri requires 25/50/25 minimum liability plus mandatory uninsured motorist coverage. Learn state requirements, financial responsibility law, penalties, and recommended coverage levels.
Massachusetts raised its minimums on 1 July 2025 for the first time since 1988. Property damage went from $5,000 to $30,000 — a sixfold jump — while PIP did not move at all.
Kentucky requires 25/50/25 liability plus $10,000 PIP coverage. Learn the state's unique choice no-fault system, tort options, penalties, and recommended coverage levels.
Motorized RVs require liability insurance in all 50 states. Learn state-by-state requirements, what towable trailers need, full-timer coverage, and recommended limits.
Maryland requires 30/60/15 liability plus mandatory uninsured motorist coverage you cannot waive. Learn state requirements, electronic monitoring, and why minimums may not be enough.
Minnesota requires 30/60/10 liability plus mandatory PIP and uninsured motorist coverage. Learn the state's no-fault rules and why minimums may not be enough.
Tennessee's property-damage minimum rose to $25,000 in 2023, and contrary to a widely repeated claim the state requires no PIP at all — nothing covers your own injuries.
Most states don't legally require LLC insurance, but you need it. Learn what general liability and professional liability LLCs should carry, state rules, and industry requirements.
Wisconsin requires 25/50/10 minimum liability plus mandatory uninsured motorist coverage. Learn state requirements, penalties, and why minimums may not be enough.
Colorado requires 25/50/15 minimum liability coverage. Learn state requirements, penalties for driving uninsured, SR-22 rules, and recommended coverage levels.
Only Arkansas ($50,000) and Utah (25/50/15) require boat insurance, for motorboats over 50 hp and every PWC. A 50-state table of insurance laws and boater-education rules, from the statutes.
New Jersey's Standard policy floor rose to 35/70/25 for policies issued or renewed on or after 1 January 2026 — the second of two increases. The Basic policy was left out of both.
Indiana requires 25/50/25 minimum liability coverage. Learn state requirements, BMV verification, penalties for driving uninsured, and recommended coverage levels.
North Carolina jumped to 50/100/50 on 1 July 2025 and is now the only state requiring $50,000 in property damage — plus uninsured motorist cover you cannot reject.
SR-22 is a certificate proving you carry required auto insurance. Learn when it's required, how long you need it, costs, and how to file in your state.
Washington requires 25/50/10 liability, and UIM is included unless you reject it in writing. Driving uninsured can cost $550 or more, and an uninsured crash can suspend your license for 3 years.
Arizona requires 25/50/15 minimum liability coverage. Learn state requirements, electronic verification, penalties, and recommended coverage levels.
Pennsylvania requires 15/30/5 liability and a choice between full tort and limited tort. Learn how this unique system works and why minimums are dangerously low.
Illinois requires 25/50/20 liability plus mandatory uninsured motorist coverage. Learn state requirements, penalties, and why UM coverage cannot be waived.
Michigan is a no-fault state requiring 50/100/10 liability plus PIP coverage. Learn the unique no-fault rules, 2020 reform changes, and recommended coverage levels.
Ohio requires 25/50/25 minimum liability coverage. Learn state requirements, FILS verification, penalties for lapses, and recommended coverage levels.
New York requires 25/50/10 liability plus $50,000 PIP and mandatory uninsured motorist coverage. Learn the state's no-fault rules and why minimums may not be enough.
Ohio requires 25/50/25 on motorcycles but not on true mopeds. A first lapse means a suspension and a $40 fee, and the BMV can excuse a lapse outside your riding season.
Georgia requires 25/50/25 minimum liability coverage. Learn state requirements, GEICS verification, penalties for lapses, and recommended coverage levels.
Florida requires PIP and property damage liability—but no bodily injury coverage. Learn the state's no-fault rules, FR-44 requirements, and why minimums leave dangerous gaps.
Texas requires 30/60/25 minimum liability coverage. Learn state requirements, penalties for driving uninsured, SR-22 rules, and recommended coverage levels.
California requires 15/30/5 minimum liability coverage. Learn what the state mandates, penalties for driving uninsured, and why minimums may not be enough.
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This collection features 251 carefully researched guides for State Laws insurance requirements. Our content provides clear, accurate information about coverage minimums, compliance rules, and state-specific regulations. All guides are written in plain language with official sources cited.
